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Revitalizing Endangered Languages

Edited by Justyna Olko & Julia Sallabank

Revitalizing Endangered Languages "This guidebook provides ideas and strategies, as well as some background, to help with the effective revitalization of endangered languages. It covers a broad scope of themes including effective planning, benefits, wellbeing, economic aspects, attitudes and ideologies."

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Academic Paper


Title: Actants and aktionsart: The Norwegian verb få as the dynamic counterpart to ha / Actants et mode d'action : le verbe norvégien få comme contrepartie dynamique de ha
Author: Madeleine Halmøy
Author: Catherine Léger
Author: Anne-Marie Parisot
Author: Reine Pinsonneault
Linguistic Field: Linguistic Theories; Philosophy of Language; Semantics
Abstract: Following Denis Bouchard's neo-Saussurean Sign Theory of Language, with a focus on the notion of Grammar Semantics, this article sketches a proposal for a unified understanding of the most multifunctional among Norwegian verbs, namely få ‘get’. Based on Bouchard's analysis of French être ‘be’ and avoir ‘have’ and corresponding signs in other languages, I propose that få is the dynamic version of ha ‘have’, which is a bivalent transitive copula. This abstract semantic value is shown to form the basis for the many contextual interpretations få receives, in its use both as a main verb and as an auxiliary. To my knowledge, a monosemic, unified understanding of få that covers all its uses and interpretations has not yet been proposed, especially not one that highlights its relationships with være ‘be’, ha ‘have’ and bli ‘be, become, get’. The study also includes a contrastive analysis of få and the English verb get.



Le présent article, axé sur la notion de sémantique de la grammaire, s'inscrit dans le cadre de la théorie néo-saussurienne du signe linguistique de Denis Bouchard et propose une analyse unifiée du verbe få, ‘recevoir, obtenir’, le plus multifonctionnel des verbes norvégiens. L'analyse prend pour point de départ les travaux de Bouchard sur les verbes français être et avoir et leurs équivalents dans d'autres langues. Je propose de trouver en få la contrepartie dynamique de ha ‘avoir’, qui est une copule transitive bivalente. On verra que ce verbe a une valeur sémantique abstraite, qui est à la base des multiples interprétations qu'il est susceptible de recevoir selon les contextes, qu'il fonctionne comme verbe principal ou comme auxiliaire. À ma connaissance, personne n'a proposé à ce jour une analyse monosémique unifiée de få qui couvre tous ses emplois et toutes ses interprétations et qui mette en lumière ses relations avec les verbes være ‘être’, ha ‘avoir’ et bli ‘être, devenir’. Le présent article comporte également une analyse contrastive de få et du verbe anglais get.


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This article appears IN Canadian Journal of Linguistics Vol. 64, Issue 2, which you can READ on Cambridge's site .

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